Verbal Reasoning Part-03

Attended the test in pune today.Was very easy.I think there were
hardly any Q from George J. Summers this time.Shakunthala's Puzzles
To Puzzle You was sufficient according to me.Ten Q's and 60
min.Didn't make it though i'm sure my 8 Q were correct.Anyways the
Q's.order is the way i remember it so easy on tht guys.

1)40 cows graze a patch in 40 days.30 cows in 60 days.if grass is
growing at a some (not given in Q) constant rate.fing in how many
days will 20 cows finish tht field???? 3marks
Ans: i think i wrote 120 days(doubtful!!!)

2)37 people in all at party.4 single men rest all with wife.no
children and 20 women r there.NO CHILDREN IN THE PARTY.so find the no
of married men (which is also equal to the no of married women)?
ans 13 married men 4 single men 7 single women =13+13+4+7=37

3)some stations r there and u add some new stations bcos of which 34
new tickets r now being used find the old no of stations and the new
no now?shakunthala type same book
ans 8 old and now 10 stations

4)analytical type Q
jeweller has 7 stones/ornaments.Diamond,Ruby,Opal.......etc
Some conditions
which goes where.
Believe me it is dead easy 2 min is all it will take below par Q for
8Marks.

5)i start walking down on the stairs and when i'm on the 7th step i c
my prof coming from ground floor blah blah...... he reaches the top
and i still have 4 steps to take.he takes 2 steps to 1 of mine.How
many r there steps in all?shakunthala one i think
ans 21 steps

6)analtical one easy one guys A,B,C,D R there and they r going
someplace together on some day.be4 tht r some statements which say
which bank/shoeshop/grocery/some XXXwill be open on which all days of
the week.and it is such tht only on WEDNESDAY AND FRIDAY R ALL THE
FOUR WORKING SIMULTANOUSLY.so now there r 4 statements from each of
them A,B,C,D.
and u have to find how is going where?as i said only 2 day r there
when all can go together and the ans will stare at you when u take
the first option wednesday.from there 2min work


7)shakunthala one.(I'm 100% sure)i'm going from A -> B and my car is
punctured.it takes 10min to fix tht.bcos of tht i drive the rest of
the journey at 30miles/hr and reach 45 or so min late.had this
puncture taken place after some 20-25 after the place where it
actually happened and same 30miles for the rest of the journey i wud
have been only 3o min  late????
find dist b/w a b????

More Tasks:

Verbal Reasoning Part-09
Verbal Reasoning Part-08
Verbal Reasoning Part-07
Verbal Reasoning Part-06
Verbal Reasoning Part-05
Verbal Reasoning Part-04
Verbal Reasoning Part-02
Verbal Reasoning Part-01

Verbal Reasoning Part-02

1.sorry the first was confusing i didn't waste any time on it

2.there r 2 measures- A AND B . B's capacity is twice that of A.
A has half its capacity wine and B has one-fourth its capacity wine.
A and B are filled up with water for the remaining volume and A & B 's
contents are transferrd to a measure C. wath part of the content in C is
wine.

ans:1/3

3. this was a very easy question
something like this

for a house construction this was the charges

carpenter+mason=$2300
mason+electrician=$5300

etc...
find the individual charges.
very easy one

4.there are'N' stations. each of the stations sell tickets of all other
stations. now some more stations are added.the difference in the no. of
tickets is 46.

1.what is "some"?
2.what were the no. of old stations?

ans:old=11 new=2


5.A's age transposed gives B's age. the difference of their ages is twice
C'age. B's age is 10 times C's age. find their ages.

ans:A=54, B=45, C=4.5



6.a murder has happened. 6 men are involved, judge, witness, policeman,
murderer,victim & hangman.The murder was commited with a gun. but the
witness didnt see the murer but was sure that
he heard the gun.The case came to court and the murderer was found,
convicted, sentenced to death
and was hanged.

1.mark knew both the victim and the murderer.
2. the judge asked clarke to give his version of this murder incident.
3.walt was the last to see fillipe alive
4.policeman said he picked up graham near the murder area.
5.walt and hunt never met each other.

who was who?

ans: pls verify
judge- mark
victim-hunt
hangman-walt
murderer-fillipe
witness-graham
policeman-clarke


7. A women with dollar bills go to the shopping she spent half of the money
she had for shopping as she was so kind she gave one dollar to the beggar.
She went to the hotel and spent half of the remaining and she gave 2 dollars
to the waiter, then she buys some goods with half of the remaining and she
gave 3 dollars to the receptionist. How much money she had in the beginning?

Ans:  $42

8.some venn diagram question.
100 people were selected. 10 didnt know both typing and shorthand.75 new
typing,83 knew shorthand and how many knew both. some thing like this.
ans:i am not sure

9. Following are the statements of three of the
participants in a race. One among them is the winner
of the race. One of them is a Sororrean, who always
tells the truth, one of them is a Nororrean, who
always lies, & the third one is Midrorrean, who lies
alternately. You have to find who is Sororrean, who is
Nororrean, & who is Miderorrean.

A: i)   C obstructed my way, & hence I lost.
   ii)  C always tells the truth.
   iii) C won the race.

B: i)   C is not a Nororrean.
   ii)  A won the race.

C: i)   B won the race.
   ii)  I didn't obstruct the way of A, because of
which he lost.

ANS.: A:Nororrean, B:Sororrean, C:Midrorrean

More Tasks:

Verbal Reasoning Part-09
Verbal Reasoning Part-08
Verbal Reasoning Part-07
Verbal Reasoning Part-06
Verbal Reasoning Part-05
Verbal Reasoning Part-04
Verbal Reasoning Part-03
Verbal Reasoning Part-01

Verbal Reasoning1

 Verbal reasoning are a set of IQ based question which often make confuse your mind in the Exam Halls. But with a simple practice upon it can drive your IQ sharper. Come here often for reading and practicing Reasoning. Here some sets of verbal reasoning and puzzles are given, brows them simply by next and previous buttons and enjoy reading.

1. The time a passenger train takes to cross another freight train is twice when the passenger train crosses the freight train running in opposite directions. What is the ratio of their speeds?

Ans: P:F::3:1

2. In a container A wine is half filled. In another container B, twice the capacity wine is one fourth filled. They are then filled with water and poured in container C. What is the proportion of wine in container C?

Ans: 33.33%

3. There are N stations and tickets are issued from all the stations to the other stations. When some more stations were added to the route then 46 more tickets were introduced. How many are some? How many initial stations were there?

Ans: 11 and 2

4. Ten students in a class of 100 do not take up either physics or chemistry. 75 of them atleast take up physics, 83 take up atleast chemistry. How many take up both physics and chemistry?

Ans: 68

5. The age of A when reversed becomes B's age. when age of B is taken away from A it is twice C's age. B's age is ten times that of C's. What are their ages?

Ans: A=54; B=45; C=4.5

6. A woman gave a man for his trust half the amount of pennies in her purse and one penny more. She gave another man half of the remaining amount and two pennies more. She gave yet another half of the remaining amount and three pennies more. And now she has only one penny remaining in her purse. How many pennies did she have initially?

Ans: 42

7. In the construction of a house these were required
Designer and Painter equals Rs. 1100
Painter and Plumber equals Rs. 1700
Plumber and Electrician equals Rs. 1100
Electrician and Constructor equals Rs. 3200
Constructor and Mechanic equals Rs. 5300
Mechanic and Painter equals Rs. 3200
What are their individual costs?

Ans: Designer=200; Painter=900; Plumber=800; Electrician=300; Constructor=3000; Mechanic=2300

8. Three persons A, B, c run a race. They belong to the following categories not in order: Sororean, who always told the truth; Nororean, who always told lies and Midrorean who told lies and truth alternatively but not necessarily in this order. After the race they said the following.

Runner A
1) C has interrupted me in the race.
2) B has won the race.
3) I have not won the race.

Runner B
1) I have not won the race.
2) A has won the race.

Runner C
1) B has won the race.
2) I have not interrupted A in the race.

To which categories did they belong?

Ans: A=Nororean; B=Sororean; C=Midrorean

9. Tom has a martian friend named Dorman who got lost. He learnt their language and asked three martians named Aken, Bak, and Cwon who belonged to the categories Uti (who always spoke the truth), Yumi (who always lied) and Grundi (sometimes truth / sometimes lied). Tom asked them two questions viz. Which category do you belong? Which category does Dorman belong?

Aken replies
I am not an Uti.
Dorman is not a Grundi.

Bak replies
I am not an Uti.
Dorman is not a Yumi.

Cwon replies
I am not a Grundi.
Dorman is not an Uti.

(There was probably a printing Error but answer could be easily inferred)
Ans: Dorman is 'Uti'

10. (This was the toughest question and no one in my knowledge was confident of the correct answer)
At the scene of the murder there is a Witness, Victim, Murderer, Policeman, Judge, and Hangman. The witness did not see the shooting but heard an altercation before the victim was shot to death. The murderer was convicted and finally hanged to death. The persons are Fillip, Clark, Hunt, Walt, Graham and Bill.

1) Hunt and Walt never met.
2) the policeman picked up Graham from the scene of the crime.
3) Bill was the last to see Fillip alive..
4) Clark was asked by the judge to give his account of the shooting.
5) Hunt knew both the victim and the murderer 
Identify who was who?

Ans: Only Fillip is the victim can be properly inferred.

Source: http://winworldgk.blogspot.com/2012/07/verbal-reasoning1.html

Biography of Maharaja Ganga Singh Ji

Biography of Maharaja Ganga Singh Ji

Sri Ganga Singh was born on October 3, 1880, the third and youngest son of Maharaj Sri Lal Singh, and brother to Dungar Singh.
Succeeding his brother in 1887, he was initially educated privately, then at Mayo College, Ajmer from 1889 to 1894. From 1895 to 1898, he was put under the guidance of Thakur Saheb Lall Singh Ji “Churu” for administrative training, learning administrative work from that of Patwari to that of Prime Minister.

Ganga Singh with his son in 1914

For military training, he was sent to Deoli in 1898 and attached to the Deoli Regiment, which had the reputation of being one of the finest Regiment in India under the command of Lt. Col. Bell. During the first World War, he commanded the Bikaner Camel Corps which served in France, Egypt and Palestine. ^[1]
As a ruler, he established a Chief Court in Bikaner, presided over by a Chief Judge who was assisted by two judges. Bikaner was the first State in Rajasthan to take such a step. He announced the establishment of a Representative Assembly in 1913. He later established a High Court with a Chief Justice and two sub-judges by an edict in 1922. Maharaja Ganga Singhji was the first prince in Rajputana to grant full charter of powers to a high court.
A life insurance and Endowment Assurance Scheme was introduced for the benefit of the employees. Also, facilities of a saving bank were made available to the people. He was one of the first rulers to introduce through legislation a Sharda Act by which child marriages were stopped.
He had a personal gun salute of 19-guns granted in 1918 and a permanent local gun salute of 19-guns granted in 1921, was the Hon. ADC to HRH the Prince of Wales in 1902 and to HM George V in 1910. A Member of the Central Recruiting Board-India 1917, he represented India at the Imperial War Conference 1917, the Imperial War Cabinet and the Paris Peace Conference 1919 and was Chancellor of the Indian Chamber of Princes from 1920-26. He also represented India as a delegate at the fifth session of the League of Nations in 1924.^[2]

Ganga Singh in the Imperial War Cabinet, 1917.

As well, Singh served as Patron of Benares Hindu University and Sri Bharat Dharam Mahamandal, as Vice President of East India Association and Royal Colonial Institute, a Member of the Indian Gymkhana Club and of the Indian Army Temperance Association, the General Council of Mayo and Daly Colleges the Indian Society of Oriental Art, the Indian Society-London, the Bombay Natural History Society, and was the first Member of the Indian Red Cross Society. Singh a famous Indianfreemasons of his time.
He married 1stly in July 1897 HH Maharani Vallabhkuver Sahiba of Pratapgarh; she died 19 August 1906. He then married 2ndly HH Maharani Sri Bhatiyaniji Sahiba of Bikampur and had issue, four sons and two daughters. He died 2 February 1943 in Bombay after a reign of 56 years, aged 62, and was succeeded by his son Sadul Singh

Achievements

• Singh constructed the Ganga Canal. He inspired people to come and settle in this new Command area. A large population settled than there. Among them the Sikh families mostly the land owners, migrated to this region from the Punjab around 1928, when the canal was built by Maharaja Ganga Singh of the former Bikaner state. Hindu families are the original inhabitants of this region; however, there were no permanent settlements in this area (except for a few towns under the old Bikaner state).
• He successfully dealt with the worst famine of the year 1899-1900 AD in the region. This famine inspired the young Maharaja to establish an irrigation system to get rid of the problem permanently.
• He developed the city of Sri Ganganagar and its surrounding area as the most fertile grain bowl of Rajasthan
• He also constructed the Lallgarh Palace at Bikaner (named in memory of his father Lall Singh) between 1902 and 1926.
• He brought railways and an electricity network to the state.
• He introduced prison reforms. Bikaner prisoners wove and crafted carpets of India that were sold in the international markets.
• He established partial internal democracy such as election to the municipalities and appointed a council of ministers to aid and advice.
• Some land reforms were also introduced.
• He induced enterprising Industrialist and agriculturists from neighbouring state for starting new ventures in his state.

Styles

• 1880-1887: Maharaj Ganga Singh of Bikaner .
• 1887-1898: His Highness Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Shri Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner
• 1898-1900: 2nd Lieutenant H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Shri Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner
• 1900-1901: Major H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Shri Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner, KIH
• 1901-1904: Maj. H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner, KCIE, KIH
• 1904-1907: Maj. H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner, KCSI, KCIE, KIH
• 1907-1909: Maj. H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner, GCIE, KCSI, KIH
• 1909-1910: Lieutenant-Colonel H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur, Maharaja of Bikaner, GCIE , KCSI, KIH
• 1910-1911: Colonel H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCIE , KCSI , KIH .
• 1911-1917: Col. H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCSI, GCIE, KIH .
• 1917-1919: Major-General H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCSI , GCIE, KCB , KIH .
• 1919-1921: Maj.-Gen. H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCSI , GCIE , GCVO , KCB. , KIH .
• 1921-1930: Maj.-Gen. H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCSI. , GCIE , GCVO , GBE , KCB , KIH .
• 1930-1937: Lieutenant-General H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, GBE, KCB, KIH
• 1937-1943: General H.H. Maharajadhiraj Raj-Rajeshwar Narendra Shiromani Maharaja Sir Ganga Singh Bahadur , Maharaja of Bikaner , GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, GBE, KCB, KIH

Honours

• Kaiser-i-Hind, 1st Class (KIH)-1900
• Mentioned in Despatches-1901
• China War Medal (1900)-1901
• King Edward VII Coronation Medal-1902
• Delhi Durbar Medal (gold)-1903
• Grand Cross of the Order of Philip the Magnanimous of Hesse-1903
• Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (GCIE)-1907 (KCIE-1901)
• Honorary LL.D (Cantab.)-1911
• King George V Coronation Medal-1911
• Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India (GCSI)-1911 (KCSI-1904)
• 1914 Star-1914
• Bailiff Grand Cross of the Order of St John (GCStJ)-1914
• Mentioned in Despatches-1914
• Honorary LL.D (Edinburgh)-1917
• Mentioned in Despatches-1918
• Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB)-1918
• British War Medal-1918
• Victory Medal-1918
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Nile of Egypt-1918
• Honorary DCL (Oxon.)-1919
• Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO)-1919
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE) – New Year Honours 1921, for war service^[3]
• Honorary LL.D (Benares Hindu University)-1927
• Honorary LL.D (Osmania University)-1927
• King George V Silver Jubilee Medal-1935
• King George VI Coronation Medal-1937
• Africa Star-1942
• War Medal 1939-1945-1945 (posthumous)
• 1939-1945 Star-1945 (posthumous)
• India Service Medal-1945 (posthumous)

 More Biographies:

Biograpies of Famous People 

Biography of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

 Biography of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

Born - 15 October 1931 in Rameshwaram, Madras Presidency, British India (now Tamil Nadu, India)
Profession – Aerospace Engineering
Religion – Islam
Achievements – This eminent scientist and engineer has also served as the 11th President of India from the period 2002 to 2007. APJ Abdul Kalam is a man of vision, who is always full of ideas aimed at the development of the country. He firmly believes that India needs to play a more assertive role in international relations. Apart from being a notable scientist and engineer, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam served as the 11th President of India from the period 2002 to 2007. He is a man of vision, who is always full of ideas aimed at the development of the country and is also often also referred to as the Missile Man of India. People loved and respected Dr APJ Abdul Kalam so much during his tenure as President that was popularly called the People’s President. Read more about the biography of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam here. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 at the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu and received honorary doctorates from about 30 universities globally. In the year 1981, the Government of India presented him the nation’s highest civilian honor, the Padma Bhushan and then again, the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 and the Bharat Ratna in 1997. Before Kalam, there have been only two presidents – Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Zakir Hussain – to have received the Bharat Ratna before bring appointed to the highest office in India. Read on about the life history of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, who’s also the first scientist and bachelor to occupy the seat of the Rashtrapati Bhavan. His perspectives on important topics have been enunciated by him in the book ‘India 2020′. It highlights the action plans that will help develop the country into a knowledge superpower by the time 2020. One thing for which he received ample kudos is his unambiguous statement that India needs to play a more assertive role in international relations. And Dr APJ Abdul Kalam regards his work on India’s nuclear weapons program as a way to assert India’s place as a future superpower. Even during his tenure as President, APJ Kalam took avid interest in the spheres of India’s science and technology. He has even put forward a project plan for establishing bio-implants. He is also an ardent advocate of open source software over proprietary solutions to churn out more profits in the field of information technology in India.

Political views

In his book India 2020 APJ Abdul Kalam strongly advocates an action plan to develop India into a knowledge superpower and into a developed nation by the year 2020. He regards his work on India’s nuclear weapons program as a way to assert India’s place as a future superpower. It has been reported that there is considerable demand in South Korea for translated versions of books authored by him ^[8]. Kalam continues to take an active interest in other developments in the field of science and technology. He has proposed a research programme for developing bio-implants. He is a supporter of Open source software over proprietary solutions and believes that the use of open source software on a large scale will bring the benefits of information technology to more people.

As an aerospace engineer

After graduating in Physics from St. Joseph’s College in Tiruchirapalli, Abdul Kalam graduated with a diploma in the mid-1950s from Madras Institute of Technology specializing in Aeronautical Engineering ^[10]. As the Project Director, he was heavily involved in the development of India’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III). As Chief Executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), he also played a major part in developing many missiles of India including Agni and Prithvi. Although the entire project has been criticised for being overrun and mismanaged^[11]. He was the Chief Scientific Adviser to Prime Minister and Secretary, Department of Defence Research & Development from July 1992 to December 1999. Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period, and have been associated with Kalam although he was not directly involved with the nuclear programme at the time.

Honours

On April 29, 2009, he became the first Asian to be bestowed the Hoover Medal, America’s top engineering prize, for his outstanding contribution to public service. The citation said that he is being recognised for making state-of-the-art healthcare available to the common man at affordable prices, bringing quality medical care to rural areas by establishing a link between doctors and technocrats, using spin-offs of defence technology to create state-of-the-art medical equipment and launching tele-medicine projects connecting remote rural-based hospitals to the super-specialty hospital. A pre-eminent scientist, a gifted engineer, and a true visionary, he is also a humble humanitarian in every sense of the word, it added. On 13 September 2009, he was a recipient of the International von Kármán Wings Award. The Government of India has honoured him with the nation’s highest civilian honours: the Padma Bhushan in 1981; Padma Vibhushan in 1990; and the Bharat Ratna in 1997 for his work with ISRO and DRDO and his role as a scientific advisor to the Indian government.. Kalam is the third President of India to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna before being elected to the highest office, the other two beingSarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Zakir Hussain. He is also the first scientist and first bachelor to occupy Rashtrapati Bhavan After his tenure as the president he is now a visiting guest professor at JSS university, Mysore. He has agreed to deliver a minimum of four lectures every year.

Books and documentaries

Kalam’s writings

• Wings of Fire: An Autobiography of APJ Abdul Kalam by A.P.J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; by K. Bhushan, G. Katyal; A.P.j. Pub. Corp, 2002.
• Scientist to President by Abdul A.P.J. Kalam; Gyan Publishing House, 2003.
• Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam; Penguin Books, 2003.
• India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Y.S. Rajan; Penguin Books India, 2003.
• India-my-dream by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam; Excel Books, 2004.
• Envisioning an Empowered Nation: Technology for Societal Transformation by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam; TATA McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd, 2004.
• Guiding Souls: Dialogues on the Purpose of Life by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Arun K Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2005.
• Children Ask Kalam by A.P.J Abdul Kalam; Pearson Education, ISBN 81-7758-245-3
• Indomitable Spirit by A.P.J Abdul Kalam, 2006
• The Scientific Indian: A Twenty-first Century Guide to the World around Us by APJ Abdul Kalam and YS Rajan

Biographies

• Eternal Quest: Life and Times of Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam by S. Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.
• President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam by R. K. Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.
• A. P. J. Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India’ by K. Bhushan, G. Katyal; A.P.H. Pub. Corp, 2002.
• A little Dream (documentary film) by P. Dhanapal; Minveli Media Works Private Limited, 2008.
• The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P.M. Nair; Harper Collins, 2008.
• ‘My Days With Mahatma Abdul Kalam’ by Fr.A.K. George; ISBN No:978-8190452953; Publisher: Novel Corporation, 2009.

More Biographies:

Biography of Famous People 

Biography of Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Biography of Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Born: July 23, 1856
Died: August 1, 1920
Achievements: Considered as Father of Indian National Movement; Founded “Deccan Education Society” to impart quality education to India’s youth; was a member of the Municipal Council of Pune, Bombay Legislature, and an elected ‘Fellow’ of the Bombay University; formed Home Rule League in 1916 to attain the goal of Swaraj.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak is considered as Father of Indian National Movement. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a multifaceted personality. He was a social reformer, freedom fighter, national leader, and a scholar of Indian history, sanskrit, hinduism, mathematics and astronomy. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was popularly called as Lokmanya (Beloved of the people). During freedom struggle, his slogan “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it” inspired millions of Indians.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born on July 23, 1856 in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. He was a Chitpavan Brahmin by caste. His father Gangadhar Ramachandra Tilak was a Sanskrit scholar and a famous teacher. Tilak was a brilliant student and he was very good in mathematics. Since childhood Tilak had an intolerant attitude towards injustice and he was truthful and straightforward in nature. He was among India’s first generation of youth to receive a modern, college education.
When Tilak was ten his father was transferred to Pune from Ratnagiri. This brought sea change in Tilak’s life. He joined the Anglo-Vernacular School in Pune and got education from some of the well known teachers. Soon after coming to Pune Tilak lost his mother and by the time he was sixteen he lost his father too. While Tilak was studying in Matriculation he was married to a 10-year-old girl called Satyabhama. After passing the Matriculation Examination Tilak joined the Deccan College. In 1877, Bal Gangadhar Tilak got his B.A. degree with a first class in mathematics. He continued his studies and got the LL.B. degree too.
After graduation, Tilak began teaching mathematics in a private school in Pune and later became a journalist. He became a strong critic of the Western education system, feeling it demeaning to Indian students and disrespectful to India’s heritage. He came to the conclusion that good citizens can be moulded only through good education. He believed that every Indian had to be taught about Indian culture and national ideals. Along with his classmate Agarkar and great social reformer Vishnushastry Chiplunkar, Bal Gangadhar Tilak founded “Deccan Education Society” to impart quality education to India’s youth.
The very next year after the Deccan Education Society was founded, Tilak started two weeklies, ‘Kesari’ and ‘Mahratta’. ‘Kesari’ was Marathi weekly while ‘Mahratta’ was English weekly. Soon both the newspapers became very popular. In his newspapers, Tilak highlighted the plight of Indians. He gave a vivid picture of the people’s sufferings and of actual happenings. Tilak called upon every Indian to fight for his right. Bal Gangadhar Tilak used fiery language to arouse the sleeping Indians.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak joined the Indian National Congress in 1890. He was a member of the Municipal Council of Pune, Bombay Legislature, and an elected ‘Fellow’ of the Bombay University. Tilak was a great social reformer. He issued a call for the banning of child marriage and welcomed widow remarriage. Through the celebrations of Ganapati Festival and the birthday of the Shivaji he organized people.
In 1897, Bal Gangadhar Tilak was charged with writing articles instigating people to rise against the government and to break the laws and disturb the peace. He was sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for one and a half year. Tilak was released in 1898. After his release, Tilak launched Swadeshi Movement. Through newspapers and lectures, Tilak spread the message to each and every village in Maharashtra. A big ‘Swadeshi Market’ was opened in front of Tilak’s house. Meanwhile, Congress was split into two camps-Moderates and Extremists. Extremists led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak opposed the moderate faction led by Gopal Krishna. Extremists were in the favour of self rule while the moderates thought that time is not yet ripe for such an eventuality. This rift finally led to a split in the Congress.
Tilak was arrested on the charges of sedition in 1906. After the trial, Tilak was sentenced to six years of imprisonment in Mandalay (Burma). Tilak spent his time in prison by reading and writing. He wrote the book ‘Gita-Rahasya’ while he was in prison. Tilak was released on June 8, 1914. After his release, Bal Gangadhar Tilak tried to bring the two factions of Congress together. But his efforts did not bear much fruit. In 1916, Tilak decided to build a separate organization called the ‘Home Rule League’. Its goal was swaraj. Tilak went from village to village, and explained the aim of his league to the farmers and won their hearts. He traveled constantly in order to organize the people. While fighting for people’s cause Bal Gangadhar Tilak died on August 1, 1920.

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Biography of Sardar Patel

Biography of Sardar Patel

Vallabh Bhai Patel the iron-man of India was born on 13th October, 1875, in a small village Karamsadh of Bombay region. His father Jhaber Bhai Patel was a simple farmer and mother Laad Bai was a simple lady.
From his childhood itself, Patel was a very hard-working individual. He used to help his father in farming and studied in a school at Patelaad. He passed his high-school examination in 1896. Throughout school he was a very wise and intelligent student. Inspite of poor financial conditions his father decided to send him to college but VallabhBhai refused. Around three years he stayed at home, worked hard and prepared for the District Leader’s examinaton, hence passing with very good precentage.
Sardar Patel hated to work for anyone especially the Britishers. He was a person of independent nature. He started his own practice of law in a place called Godhara. Soon the practice flourished. He saved money, made financial arrangement for the entire family. He got married to Jhaberaba. In 1904, he got a baby daughter Maniben, and in 1905 his son Dahya was born. He sent his elder brother to England for higher studies in law. In 1908, Vittha Bhai returned as barrister and started practising in Bombay. In 1909 his wife became seriously ill and was taken to Bombay for treatment VallabhBhai had to go for the hearing of an urgent case and his wife died. He was stunned. He admitted his children in St. Mary’s school Bombay, and he left for England. He became a barrister and retuned to India in 1913.
He started his practice in Ahmedabad and soon he became aware of the local life, activities and people’s problems. He became an extremely popular person and he got elected in the Municipal Corportaion in 1917. Around 1915, he came across Mahatma Gandhi. The Swadeshi Movement was at its peak. Gandhiji gave a lecture at a place in Ahmedabad where Patel heard him and was very impressed and started actively participating in the freedom movement. The British government’s atrocities were increasing. The government declared to confiscate all the lands of farmers. He forced the British government to amend the rules. He brought together the farmers and encouraged them and hence got the title of ‘Sardar’ and thus became famous.
The British government considered him as a threat and his lectures were considered anti-government and he was imprisoned several times. In 1942, he took part in the Quit India Movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. He was arrested along with other leaders and was sent to Ahmednagar jail. Inspite of the British Rule, rulers of the small kingdoms were spending a lot of public money, and were having a nice time. Sardar Vallabh Bhai opposed this.
With great wisdom and political foresight, he consolidated the small kingdoms. The public was with him. He tackled the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Nawab of Junagarh who intially did not want to join India. There were a lot of problems connected with the reunion of the numerous states into India. Sardar Patel’s untiring efforts towards the unity of the country brought success. Due to the achievement of this massive task, Sardar Patel got the title of ‘Iron Man’. ‘ He is one of the prestigious leaders of the world who became immmortal by uniting a scattered nation without any bloodshed.
His enthusiasm to work for the independent nation got a big jolt when Gandhiji was murdered. Patel was very attached to Gandhiji and considered him, his elder brother and teacher. He was encouraged by Mahatma Gandhi in all his work. Gandhiji’s death left him broken. On 15th December, 1950 he died of a cardiac arrest. The news of his death spread all over the world. The entire nation plunged into deep sorrow, everyday life came to a standstill. A grateful nation paid a tearful homage to it’s beloved leader. In 1991 the grateful nation conferred upon him the honour of Bharat Ratna.

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